Frequently Asked Questions for Tax Relief for Victims of Hurricane Helene

The penalty relief applies to all taxpayers identified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as affected by Hurricane Helene (collectively, Affected Taxpayers).

Affected Taxpayers include: 

• Individuals who live in North Carolina. 
• Businesses (including tax-exempt organizations) whose principal place of business is in North Carolina. 
• Other individuals and businesses whose records necessary to meet a State tax deadline are located in North Carolina. 
• Relief workers who are assisting in North Carolina and are affiliated with a recognized government or philanthropic organization. 
• Any individual visiting North Carolina who was killed or injured as a result of the disaster.
   

Except as noted in question A7, the Department will remove certain penalties assessed against Affected Taxpayers for licenses, returns, or payments due on September 25, 2024, through September 25, 2025, if the license is obtained, the return is filed, or the tax is paid by September 25, 2025.

The following penalties (collectively, Late Action Penalties) are included:

• Failure to obtain a license (G.S. 105-236(a)(2))
• Failure to file a return (G.S. 105-236(a)(3))
• Failure to pay tax when due (G.S. 105-236(a)(4))
• Failure to file an informational return (G.S. 105-236(a)(10))

All tax types are included in penalty relief.  

It depends. As noted in question A2, penalty relief is available to Affected Taxpayers that have tax returns due on September 25, 2024, through September 25, 2025, if the tax return is filed with the Department on or before September 25, 2025. This includes, but is not limited to, Affected Taxpayers that were granted an extension to file a 2023 tax return by October 15, 2024.

Examples:

• An individual who is an Affected Taxpayer was granted an extension to file their North Carolina individual income tax return for calendar year 2023 (NC Tax Return). Because the NC Tax Return was due on October 15, 2024, the Affected Taxpayer is eligible to receive a waiver of the failure to file a return penalty as long as the NC Tax Return is filed on or before September 25, 2025. As noted in question 7, the individual will not receive a waiver of the failure to pay penalty because the tax payment related to the 2023 Tax Return was due on April 15, 2024.
• An individual who is an Affected Taxpayer was not granted an extension to file their North Carolina individual income tax return for calendar year 2023 (NC Tax Return). Because the NC Tax Return was due on April 15, 2024, the Affected Taxpayer is not eligible for penalty relief when the Affected Taxpayer files the NC Tax Return.
• A corporation that is an Affected Taxpayer did not request an extension to file its North Carolina franchise and income tax return for the fiscal tax year ending June 30, 2024 (NC Tax Return). Because the NC Tax Return was due on October 15, 2024, the Affected Taxpayer is eligible to receive a waiver of the failure to file a return penalty as long as the NC Tax Return is filed on or before September 25, 2025. The corporation can receive a waiver of the failure to pay penalty provided the corporation pays the tax due by September 25, 2025.

Yes. The Department will remove Late Action Penalties assessed against Affected Taxpayers that received Hurricane Debby tax relief if the license is obtained, the return is filed, or the tax is paid by September 25, 2025.

Yes.  There are two exceptions.

• An Affected Taxpayer that has been notified by the Department that they are required to pay state withholding tax by the date set by the IRS for depositing federal employment taxes on those same wages (i.e., a semiweekly taxpayer) will only receive penalty relief on tax payments due on or after September 25, 2024, and before October 10, 2024, if the payments were made by October 10, 2024.
• Penalty relief does not apply to tax payments that were due to be paid prior to September 25, 2024. For instance, an Affected Taxpayer who under the disaster declaration has until September 25, 2025, to file a calendar year 2023 individual income tax return (“2023 Tax Return”) will not receive a waiver of the failure to pay tax when due penalty because the tax payment related to the 2023 Tax Return was due on April 15, 2024.
   

An Affected Taxpayer that was assessed a Late Action Penalty in error should notify the Department of the error by taking one of the following actions:

• Submit Form NC-5500, Request to Waive Penalties or Form NC-5501, Request for Waiver of an Informational Return Penalty and write “Hurricane Helene” at the top of the form.
• Call the Department at 1-877-252-3052 (7:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. EDT, Monday through Friday).    
   

In accordance with the Department’s Penalty Waiver Policy, a Non-Affected Taxpayer may request a penalty waiver if a natural disaster caused the taxpayer to not meet their state filing or payment requirement. To request a penalty waiver, submit Form NC-5500 or Form NC-5501, whichever is applicable.

Note. When filing Form NC-5500 or NC-5501, a Non-Affected Taxpayer should select “Natural Disaster” for the reason for the request, place an “X” in the block beside “Natural Disaster or Accident” located in Part 3, and complete the “Natural Disaster or Accident” section of Part 3.

Yes. On October 3, 2024, the Department announced penalty relief for taxpayers impacted by Hurricane Helene. Generally, this penalty relief provided relief through May 1, 2025.

On April 23, 2025, the Department updated the penalty relief. Generally, the updated penalty relief provides relief through September 25, 2025.  
 

The Department updated the penalty relief in response to IRS action. On April 17, 2025, the IRS announced that due to the lingering effects of Hurricane Helene on North Carolina, the IRS would further postpone, until September 25, 2025, certain tax filing and payment deadlines for Affected Taxpayers.

Certain taxpayers are automatically eligible for interest relief. Certain other taxpayers could have requested to be eligible for interest relief.

Automatic. A taxpayer that files a return for one of the following tax types for the tax period(s) allowed by law is automatically eligible for interest relief (an Eligible Taxpayer).

• Income and Franchise Tax. A taxpayer that resides or is located in any Disaster County.
• Sales and Use Tax. A taxpayer whose principal place of business is in a Disaster County.
• Withholding Tax. A taxpayer located in a Disaster County.

By Request. A taxpayer could have requested to be an Eligible Taxpayer, as defined above, if the taxpayer timely submitted a request to the Department AND the taxpayer met one or more of the following conditions (a Qualified Taxpayer): 

• The taxpayer’s tax preparer is located in a Disaster County.
• The taxpayer’s records necessary to meet a tax deadline are located in a Disaster County.

Note. The deadline to request to be an Eligible Taxpayer was on or before 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) on November 25, 2024. See question B4 for more information.

The Department will waive interest on the underpayment of tax for following tax periods: 

Income and Franchise Tax Returns. The Department will waive the accrual of interest from September 25, 2024, through May 1, 2025, on an underpayment of tax imposed on a franchise, corporate income, or individual income tax return, including a partnership and estate and trust tax return, due on September 25, 2024, through May 1, 2025. Interest relief includes interest accrued on the underpayment of estimated income tax. 

Sales and Use Tax Returns. The Department will waive interest for the following: 

• Monthly Return for September 2024 – Payment must have been made on or before November 20, 2024.
• Monthly Return for October 2024 – Payment must have been made on or before December 20, 2024.
• Quarterly Return for 3rd Quarter 2024 (Period Ending September 30, 2024) – Payment must have been made on or before November 30, 2024. 

Withholding Tax Returns. The Department will waive interest for the following: 

• Monthly Return for September 2024 – Payment must have been made on or before November 15, 2024.
• Monthly Return for October 2024 – Payment must have been made on or before December 15, 2024.
• Quarterly Return for 3rd Quarter 2024 (Period Ending September 30, 2024) – Payment must have been made on or before November 30, 2024.

A Qualified Taxpayer could have requested to be treated like an Eligible Taxpayer by timely submitting Form NC-5502, Special Penalty and Interest Waiver (Form NC-5502).  The form must have contained the following information:  

• Taxpayer Information - Taxpayer’s name, social security number (SSN) or federal employer id number (FEIN), and address.
• Waiver Information - The tax type(s), period start date(s) and period end date(s) for which the Qualified Taxpayer may request interest relief. Note: The tax type and period must be within the periods identified in question B2.
• Explanation - Identify where the tax preparer or records necessary to meet the tax deadline are located.
• Eligible Taxpayer Box - Check the box labeled “Check this box to request the interest relief authorized under the Disaster Recovery Act of 2024 - Part II.”
• Signature – Sign and date the form. The form must be signed by the taxpayer or a representative when a valid power of attorney has been accepted by the Department. 

Note. If a taxpayer automatically qualifies for interest relief, the taxpayer should not submit Form NC-5502 to request to be eligible for interest relief.

Note. The deadline to request to be an Eligible Taxpayer was on or before 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) on November 25, 2024. See question B4 for more information.

The deadline for a Qualified Taxpayer to submit Form NC-5502 to request to be an Eligible Taxpayer expired on November 25, 2024. A Qualified Taxpayer that submits Form NC-5502 after 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) on November 25, 2024, will not be treated as an Eligible Taxpayer.

Note. The Department revised Form NC-5502 in November 2024. The “eligible taxpayer box” was removed.

Session Law 2024-51 provides disaster relief for any county declared a major disaster by the President of the United States under the Stafford Act (P.L. 93-288) as a result of Hurricane Helene.

As of the date of this notice, the following counties in North Carolina are Disaster Counties:

• Alexander
• Alleghany
• Ashe
• Avery
• Buncombe
• Burke
• Cabarrus
• Caldwell
• Catawba
• Cherokee
• Clay
• Cleveland
• Forsyth
• Gaston
• Graham
• Haywood
• Henderson
• Iredell
• Jackson
• Lee
• Lincoln
• Macon
• Madison
• McDowell
• Mecklenburg
• Mitchell
• Nash
• Polk
• Rowan
• Rutherford
• Stanly
• Surry
• Swain
• Transylvania
• Union
• Watauga
• Wilkes
• Yadkin
• Yancey

Underpayment of Estimated Tax. Eligible Taxpayers that did not pay the required amount of estimated income tax for tax year 2024 and owes interest on the underpayment should enter “E” in the “Exception to Underpayment of Estimated Tax” box on the applicable 2024 tax form. See the instructions for the applicable 2024 tax return. 

Other Interest. Eligible Taxpayers that are assessed interest subject to waiver should notify the Department by taking one of the following actions:

• Submit Form NC-5502 electronically. After submission, the electronic form will immediately be sent to the Department. In addition, the taxpayer will see a confirmation page that the request was submitted to the Department.
• Mail a paper version of Form NC-5502 to the address printed on the form. Write “Hurricane Helene” in the space provided on the form to explain why interest should be waived.
• Call the Department at 1-877-252-3052 (7:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday).

Note. Any Eligible Taxpayer that does not have electronic access to Form NC-5502 can call the Department at 1-877-252-3052 (7:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday), to request assistance or visit a service center. 

Yes. The Department cannot waive interest not provided by the Disaster Recovery Act except interest on taxes imposed prior to or during a period for which a taxpayer has declared bankruptcy under Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 of Title 11 of the United States Code.

Refer to NC General Statute 105-237(a) for more information.

No.

The Department cannot waive interest except when authorized by the North Carolina General Assembly. Under current law, the Secretary can only waive interest for Eligible Taxpayers for the periods outlined in question B2.

Yes. Eligible Taxpayers in the counties shaded in blue and listed above the map image are eligible for interest relief for the tax periods outlined in question B2. In addition, these taxpayers are eligible for penalty relief as outlined in question A2.

Taxpayers in the counties not shaded in blue are not eligible for interest relief. However, these taxpayers are eligible for penalty relief as outlined in question A2.

Taxpayers with an active payment agreement with the Department who have experienced hardship due to Hurricane Helene should call the Department at 1-877-252-3052 (7:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday), to request assistance. 

Taxpayers with an active wage or bank garnishment who have experienced hardship due to Hurricane Helene should call the Department at 1-877-252-3052 (7:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday), to request assistance.

Call the Department at 1-877-252-3052 (7:00 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday through Friday), to request assistance.